As Canada phases out high-GWP refrigerants like R-410A, homeowners and HVAC professionals face a critical question: Which next-generation refrigerant is the right choice, R-32 or R-454B? Both are classified as A2L refrigerants, known for low flammability and lower global warming potential (GWP). But while they share similarities, each comes with its own performance profile, cost implications, and regulatory considerations.
In this guide, we break down the key differences between R-32 and R-454B to help you make an informed decision, whether you’re upgrading your system or planning a new installation.
Why Are We Transitioning Away from R-410A?
R-410A has long been the standard refrigerant for residential HVAC systems, but with a GWP of 2,088, it significantly contributes to global warming. In response, Canada is aligning with international environmental regulations (such as the Kigali Amendment), accelerating the shift toward refrigerants with a GWP under 750. Both R-32 and R-454B meet this requirement and are now commonly used in modern HVAC systems.
R-32 Overview
GWP: ~675
Flammability Class: A2L (mildly flammable)
Common Use: Residential split systems
Performance: High efficiency, excellent cooling capacity
Cost: Slightly more affordable than R-454B
Pros:
- High energy efficiency
- Widely available and tested globally
- Lower cost for HVAC manufacturers
Cons:
- Slightly higher flammability compared to R-454B
- Requires more robust leak detection in enclosed spaces
R-454B Overview
GWP: ~466
Flammability Class: A2L
Common Use: Heat pumps, ducted systems, light commercial
Performance: Similar to R-410A, slightly more efficient than R-32 in some configurations
Cost: Higher due to limited availability and newer adoption
Pros:
- Lower GWP than R-32 (more environmentally friendly)
- Compatible with R-410A system designs
- Better suited for multi-zone or larger systems
Cons:
- Higher cost
- Less widely available (as of 2025)
Key Differences Between R-32 and R-454B
| Feature | R-32 | R-454B |
| GWP | 675 | 466 |
| Efficiency | High | High |
| System Compatibility | Needs new components | More backward-compatible |
| Flammability | Higher (still A2L) | Lower (still A2L) |
| Availability in Canada | Readily available | Increasing availability |
| Cost to Upgrade | Lower upfront | Slightly higher upfront |
Which Refrigerant Is Right for Your Home?
Choose R-32 if:
- You want high efficiency at a lower cost
- You’re upgrading a single-zone system
- You live in an area with strong technician familiarity (R-32 is more common globally)
Choose R-454B if:
- You’re focused on lowest possible GWP
- You want smoother compatibility with R-410A system designs
- You’re installing a multi-zone or heat pump system in a newer home
Need help making the right choice? Our certified technicians at HVAC Near Me are trained in both refrigerants and can recommend the ideal fit for your space and budget.
The Importance of Professional Installation
Both R-32 and R-454B require certified technicians who are trained in handling A2L refrigerants. Due to their flammability classification, systems must meet specific installation codes, and specialized tools are often required.
The transition to low-GWP refrigerants is good for the planet and your wallet, but it does require careful decision-making. R-32 and R-454B are both excellent options, and each excels in different use cases. For personalized guidance, system compatibility checks, or to schedule an upgrade, reach out to your local HVAC experts.
Need help choosing between R-32 and R-454B?
Contact HVAC Near Me to speak with a certified technician and get a tailored HVAC solution for your home.